The Inside Perspective Of An Outsider Essay -- China Anthropology Stud

The Inside Perspective Of An Outsider I read all that I could discover. I talked with locals who were visiting the United States. I contemplated the language steadily. I examined pictures, noticing each detail. Nothing readied me for that initially long stroll along a Beijing road. I smelled just because, the scents that were to turn into a recognizable part of my three-month remain in The People's Republic of China. I looked at individuals who had some time ago simply been caught still-lifes on a reference book's gleaming page. I endeavored to talk my wrecked Chinese with individuals who couldn't have cared less that my book at home had shown me the words for envoy and negotiator. I made my first speculative stride towards social comprehension. The China encompassing me slammed into the China I unconsciously thought I had set myself up for. I. Humanities Allyn Maclean Stearman moved on from the University of California at Santa Barbara in 1964 with a degree in Spanish. Related to her unknown dialect major, she spent her lesser year concentrating abroad. Her movements in Columbia positively impacted her choice to join the Peace Corps quickly following initiation. Harmony Corps put her in Bolivia where she wound up remaining for a long time. Her people group advancement work in Bolivia not just made her become hopelessly enamored with the Bolivian Amazon, yet additionally enlivened in her that originally perceived enthusiasm for the investigation of human sciences. As indicated by James P. Spradley, the objective of human sciences is to portray and clarify the regularities and varieties in social conduct (p.10). John H. Bodley (1997) takes the motivation behind human sciences above and beyond. He makes the case that the procurement of some fundamental anthropological devices will prepare... ...etite. The extensive stretches of forlornness and distance made me aware of the day by day battles of an untouchable endeavoring to be an insider. Works Cited: Bodley, J. H. (1997). Social Anthropology: Tribes, States, and the Global System. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Publishing Company. Grindal, B. and Salamona, F. (1995). Extensions to Humanity: Narratives on Anthropology and Friendship. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press. Spradley, J. P. (1979). The Ethnographic Interview. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Spradley, J. P. and McCurdy, D. W. (1972). The Cultural Experience: Ethnography in Complex Society. Kingsport, TN: Kingsport Press. Stearman, A. M. (1989). Yuqui: Forest Nomads in a Changing World. Chicago, IL: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. Stearman, A. M. (n.d.) Battling the Odds for Cultural Survival: The Story of a Yuqui Development Project.

Colleges With Late Application Deadlines Complete List

Schools With Late Application Deadlines Complete List SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips On the off chance that you’re pondering whether there are any schools with late application cutoff times, you’re in karma! Parcels ofcolleges have application cutoff times in February or later, and a lot more continue moving confirmations open until every one of their spots have been filled. Here, we give you a full rundown of universities with late application cutoff times. In any case, before plunging into this rundown, let’s think about a significant inquiry: what precisely isconsidered an ordinary cutoff time? When Are Most College Deadlines? As you’ll find in a second, there’s a ton of variety when it comes tocollege cutoff times. Early cutoff times can be in November when you're only two or three months intosenior year. On the other hand, particularly late deadlinescango until the beginning of a school semester! Most of school cutoff times will fall in November or January of your senior year. Most normal choice cutoff times are in January, ordinarily onJanuary 1 or January 15. You’ll apply directly around the new year and generally get your confirmations choice in March or April. Numerous schools likewise offer an early activity and additionally early choice deadlinefor understudies who are prepared to apply before (and prepared to hear back before, as well). These cutoff times will in general be November 1 or November 15,and understudies ordinarily hear back by mid-December. While these run of the mill cutoff times are in November or January, the vast majority of the work begins longbefore. To apply, you should be prepared with letters of suggestion, papers, and your SAT/ACT scores, all of which take a long time to long periods of arrangement. On the off chance that you’re not prepared with every one of these segments, you may search for universities with later application deadlines.But what are some different reasons you may be hoping to apply later than January? Since Dumbledore quit loaning out his time-turner after the entire Prisoner of Azkaban catastrophe, your best choice for purchasing additional time is with a late application cutoff time. Who WouldBenefit From Late Application Deadlines? On the off chance that you’re perusing this article, you may have a quite certain explanation you looked for universities with late application cutoff times. Maybe you’d like another chance to take the SAT, SAT Subject Tests, or ACT to accomplish your objective scores. Or on the other hand perhaps you’re wanting to raise your GPA with grades from the primary semester of senior year. By applying later, you may have the option to remember some portion of senior year for your transcript. Another conceivable explanation could be that you’re hoping to add some more alternatives to your school list. Possibly you’ve reexamined your decisions or got a dismissal from an early choice school. By applying to some more schools, you may wind up heading off to some place you didn’t at first hope to. Whether or not you relaxed during the ordinary application season or simply need to add another choice to your arrangements, you’ll find that there are manycolleges tolerating applications in February and later. The following is a rundown of schools with cutoff times after February 1, trailed by universities that may likewise be a decent alternative for you since they utilize moving affirmations. Need to assemble the most ideal school application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best affirmations counseling administration. We join world-class confirmations advocates with our information driven, restrictive affirmations procedures. We've supervised a huge number of understudies get into their top decision schools, from state universities to the Ivy League. We recognize what sorts of understudies universities need to concede. We need to get you admitted to your fantasy schools. Become familiar with PrepScholar Admissions to boost your opportunity of getting in. Rundown of Colleges With Late Application Deadlines The accompanying universities offer late application cutoff times in February, March, April, May, June, July, August, and even September! This full rundown of universities with late application cutoff times is composed by month; you can either look through it or search for a particular school by utilizing the ctrl + F work on your console. All information originates from the College Board's BigFuture. Note that a portion of these schools have prior need cutoff times for things, for example, grants and money related guide. Schools With February Deadlines School Application Deadline Abilene Christian University 2/15 Allegheny College 2/15 Suspicion College 2/15 Baylor University 2/1 Birmingham-Southern College 2/1 Brigham Young University 2/1 Brigham Young Universityâ€Hawaii 2/15 Brigham Young Universityâ€Idaho 2/1 Bryant University 2/3 Head servant University 2/1 Catholic University of America 2/15 Champlain College 2/1 Christopher Newport University 2/1 City University of New York: Baruch College 2/1 School of the Atlantic 2/15 School of Wooster 2/15 Colorado State University 2/1 Creighton University 2/15 DePaul University 2/1 DePauw University 2/1 Dickinson College 2/1 Drew University 2/15 Earlham College 2/15 Ecole Hoteliere de Lausanne 2/1 Emmanuel College (Massachusetts) 2/15 Endicott College 2/15 Gettysburg College 2/1 Gonzaga University 2/1 Forest City College 2/1 Guilford College 2/15 Hillsdale College 2/15 Hobart and William Smith Colleges 2/1 Expectation International University 2/1 Howard University 2/15 Iona College 2/15 Ithaca College 2/1 Jewish Theological Seminary of America 2/15 Knox College 2/1 La Sierra University 2/1 Marist College 2/1 Maryland Institute College of Art 2/1 Massachusetts College of Art and Design 2/1 MCPHS University 2/1 Meredith College 2/15 Merrimack College 2/15 Miami University: Oxford 2/1 Morehouse College 2/15 Muhlenberg College 2/15 Nazareth College 2/15 North Carolina State University 2/1 Ohio State University: Columbus Campus 2/1 Old Dominion University 2/1 Pace University 2/15 Pace University: Pleasantville/Briarcliff 2/15 Pennsylvania College of Health Sciences 2/1 Sovereign's University 2/15 Quinnipiac University 2/1 Radford University 2/1 Randolph College 2/1 Rhode Island School of Design 2/1 Roger Williams University 2/1 Rollins College 2/15 Holy person Anselm College 2/1 Holy person Michael's College 2/1 Seattle Pacific University 2/1 Sewanee: The University of the South 2/1 Siena College 2/15 Simmons College 2/1 Spelman College 2/1 St. Lawrence University 2/1 St. Mary’s College of California 2/1 Stevens Institute of Technology 2/1 Suffolk University 2/1 SUNY University at Stony Brook 2/1 Susquehanna University 2/15 Texas AM Universityâ€Baylor College of Dentistry 2/1 Texas Christian University 2/15 Towson University 2/15 Transylvania University 2/1 Trinity University 2/1 US Coast Guard Academy 2/1 US Military Academy 2/28 Solidarity College 2/15 College of British Columbia 2/2 College of Cincinnati 2/1 College of Kentucky 2/15 College of Mary Washington 2/1 College of Maryland: Baltimore County 2/1 College of Massachusetts Lowell 2/1 College of Michigan 2/1 College of New England 2/15 College of New Hampshire 2/1 College of North Carolina at Asheville 2/15 College of North Carolina at Wilmington 2/1 College of Portland 2/1 College of Puerto Rico: Medical Sciences 2/15 College of Rhode Island 2/1 College of Wisconsinâ€Madison 2/1 Ursinus College 2/15 Virginia Military Institute 2/1 Wagner College 2/15 Washington College 2/15 Webb Institute 2/15 Wofford College 2/1 Worcester Polytechnic Institute 2/1 Prepared for March Madness? This next rundown includes all the schools with March application cutoff times. Schools With MarchDeadlines School Application Deadline Adrian College 3/15 Appalachian State University 3/15 Shangri-la University 3/1 Boston Baptist College 3/15 California State University: Bakersfield 3/1 Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science 3/1 Coe College 3/1 Colorado School of Mines 3/1 Columbia College of Nursing 3/1 East Carolina University 3/15 Elmira College 3/15 Escuela de Artes Plasticas de Puerto Rico 3/26 Flagler College 3/1 Georgia State University 3/1 Extraordinary Lakes Christian College 3/1 Gutenberg College 3/1 Hampden-Sydney College 3/1 Hampton University 3/1 Hanover College 3/1 Illinois State University

Topics For Photo Essay

Topics For Photo EssayWhen thinking about topics for photo essay, there are many different choices. Some of the most popular topics are: a good classic photo essay, a fashion photo essay, a jungle photo essay, or a beach photo essay. The photos chosen may be from several locations or from one location, like a cruise ship.One of the most popular is a classic photo essay. These are often created in museums, exhibitions, and through other resources. These types of pictures may have been collected by a certain person, or they may have been collected by a certain era. The effect that these photographs can create is the desired effect in this type of photo essay.Fashion is another popular topic for photo essays. These pictures of clothing can be created by a professional photographer, or they can be created by the wearer. They may also reflect the current trend in the fashion world. This type of photo essay can be seen in magazines, on the internet, and in a variety of publications.A jungl e photo essay can be very interesting. An example of this is a shot of a remote area taken by a photographer to illustrate how dangerous it can be to be in that type of environment. The effect that this can have is something that is very unique and can only be seen in a jungle.Photos of cars can be very interesting. There are many different car types and models, and different cars can be grouped together based on certain models. A photo of a special edition vehicle may be very interesting and useful. A photo of a sports car could be a great photo to illustrate the amount of care that goes into making a vehicle.Many websites offer online photo service for clients. Photos can be combined with text and graphics to create an exciting article that will attract visitors.Photo essays are considered to be the best and most effective way to create an artful piece of multimedia for web publishing. They are usually longer than other forms of multimedia because of the length of time required to take the pictures. This length is a benefit to the web editor, as it allows them to make the needed graphic or text to go along with the photograph.A photo essay can be used in many different ways. They can be used to illustrate a certain theme, or they can be used to illustrate a story. Either way, the photos should be effective and informative.

The Effects Of Fertility Transition On Women s Growth...

With the world running out of resources and struggling to sustain the recent boom in world population, governments around the world have been responding by trying to curb population growth with population programmes. Fertility Transition is a process whereby a country changes from a high birth rate to lower birth rate and is measured in terms of number of live births per 1000 women. This process usually occurs when a country is developing. Countries which are undergoing fertility transition in recent years have undergone a much more rapid transformation than when the present day developed economies underwent transition a couple hundred years ago. High fertility is often associated with poverty as there is a lack of education, healthcare and lack of sustainability within a country. The reasons which cause a country to experience fertility transition include; the changing of economy structure or economic growth, investment in education and the provision/subsidisation of contraception. Cuba is a government planned economy with poor economic prospects and a low fertility rate of 1.46 in 2014, down from 4.6% in 1963. Following the Cuban revolution, the was a big peak in fertility as doctors whom over saw abortions left the country and a US embargo led to a big shortage in the availability of contraception. The newfound communist government provided family planning as well as allowing pharmacies to sell oral contraceptives and condoms without the need of a prescription.Show MoreRelatedHuman Consumption Is Depleting The Earth s Natural Resources And Impairing The Capacity Of Life Supporting Ecosystems1389 Words   |  6 PagesEarth s natural resources and impairing the capacity of life-supporting ecosystems. Humans have changed ecosystems more rapidly and extensively over the past 50 years than during any other period, primarily to meet increasing demands for food, fresh water, timber, fibre and fuel. Such consumption, together with world population increasing from 2. 6 billion in 1950 to 6.8 billion in 2009, are major contributors to environmental damage.(Human population growth and the demographic transition). StrengtheningRead MoreGrowth and Development2100 Words   |  9 Pages |2050158 | |MSc Programme: |Finance and Economic Development | |Course name: | | | |Growth and Development | |Submission date: Read MoreChanging Attitude Towards Child Sex Preference11388 Words   |  46 Pagespreference among the elderly were equally analyzed; the pattern it took before now, the changes that have occurred and the attitude of parents toward child sex preference as old age security in the contemporary Nigerian society were equally examined. The effects of sex preference and other socio-economic factors on the status of the elderly and its implications for the family were mentioned. Various literature and theoretical models on the subject matter were reviewed and finally, a general conclusion wasRead MoreThesis, Term Paper, Essay, Research Paper21993 Words   |  88 Pagesliterature suggests that fertility rates in developing countries have declined in the past two decades (Dickson, 2002; Caldwell Caldwell, 2002). It is argued that due to changing socio-political circumstances, women have reassessed the timing of childbirth and the role of motherhood in their lives (Pres ton-Whyte and Zondi, 1992). It has been found that the average number of children per woman has been reduced significantly when compared to the trend in the 1970s, and that young women tend to delay motherhoodRead MoreInternational and Global Marketing2862 Words   |  12 Pagessee it as imperative to provide their only child a better life than the one they experienced). The Chinese government instituted the one-child policy in 1979 in order to slow down population growth and to put the country on the fast track to becoming a first World nation (Veeck Flurry, 2009). This fertility transition succeeded in speeding up the rate of modernization in the country. Thus, many Chinese parents have a desire to protect their children from the suffering they encountered . They seeRead MoreThe Social Impact of Drug Abuse24406 Words   |  98 Pagesprincipal issues involved in drug abuse and drug control that are of concern to organizations of the United Nations system and other intergovernmen tal organizations. The paper was originally commissioned by the United Nations International Drug Control Programme (UNDCP) and drafted by an independent consultant, Jean Paul Smith, former consulting Psychologist and Senior Policy Analyst at the National Institute on Drug Abuse, Washington. It was subsequently reviewed and revised by a United Nations inter-agencyRead MorePublic Health Paper12265 Words   |  50 Pageschronological development of public health is mapped out, supported by the outlining and discussion of the emerging themes and influences pertaining to the study of public health. The approach to public health is positioned alongside the health of the population and the prevailing political/societal influence at the time. Public health is impacted on by poverty and environmental factors. Presently government policy to improve public health is delivered in a strategy that recognises the need for health improvementRead MoreHrm in Japan, Usa and Europe9900 Words   |  40 PagesMarchington (1998) have raised much concern about the applicability of HRM ideas in organizations especially in the light of a turbulent and constantly shifting environment. Some empirical observations have shown that, while organization s rhetoric, reflected in management s language and vocabulary is soft, the reality, reflected in management action and behavior can be hard depending upon the prevailing changes in the environment in which the organization operates. The Historical Background The termRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesHartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History. Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by MichaelRead MoreFamily Tree19118 Words   |  77 Pagesthe abysmal disparities between the developed and underdeveloped worlds. Development originally meant the process by which Third World societies could become more like Western developed societies as measured in terms of political system, economic growth, and educational levels (Inkeles Smith 1974). Development was synonymous with political democracy, rising levels of productivity and industrialization, high literacy rates, longer life expectancy, and the like. The implicit assumption was that there

The Effects Of Lateral Violence On The Workplace - 1159 Words

Civility in the work place, or the lack thereof, has been identified as a growing problem within many professions in today’s society. Often referred to as lateral violence, this occurrence is no exception in the nursing profession. It is also known as ‘horizontal violence’ or ‘workplace bullying (Coursey, Rodriguez, Dieckmann, Austin, 2013). In this evidenced-based paper, information will be provided in an effort to identify causes of lateral violence in the workplace and how to encourage civility. Lateral violence is defined as acts that occur between colleagues wherein, bullying is recognized as actions or doings enacted by one in a higher level of authority and the occurrences happen over time (Dellasega, 2009). The acts can be inconspicuous or obvious acts of verbal or non-verbal aggression. Relational aggression is one type of bullying demonstrated by psychological abuse. Some behavior indicators that characterize this type of aggression include gossiping, withholding important or pertinent information, shunning, or knowingly keep one in isolation. These behaviors can also extend beyond the walls of the workplace and can occur in face to face situation, an office area, or in cyberspace (Dellasega, 2009). Civility in the workplace is a mirror of the behavior exhibited in society as a whole. Civility is defined as behavior wherein the respect that is shown toward another person, makes that person feel valued, a beneficiary of mutual respect, effective communication,Show MoreRelatedLateral Workplace Violence : Effective, Destructive, Or Harassment Behavior1344 Words   |  6 Pages Lateral workplace violence is described as aggressive, destructive, or harassment behavior in the workplace between nurses or other members of the interprofessional team (Yoder-Wise, 2015). This type of behavior can occur within every aspect of life including professional, social, and personal life. The behavior can include gossiping, withholding information, or ostracism extending outside of the workplace and can occur in person or in cyberspace (American Nursing Association, 2011). LateralRead MoreLateral Violence As A Non Physical Act1368 Words   |  6 PagesLateral violence is described as a non-physical act occurring between individuals and is intended to hurt another person emotionally. It may be a secretive or noticeable act of verbal or non-verbal hostility. The actions can extend exterior to the place of work and can be perpetrated individually or in cyberspace. Within the nursing community, lateral violence is described as aggression behaviors amongst nurses. The most common forms of lateral violence in the nursing practice include: underminingRead MoreDifference Between Violence And Lateral Violence Essay905 Words   |  4 PagesCivility and Lateral Violence in Nursing Lateral violence is a devastating phenomenon in the nursing workplace. It is also known as ‘horizontal violence’ or ‘workplace bullying (Coursey, Rodriguez, Dieckmann, Austin, 2013). In this evidenced-based paper there will be information provided to figure out why there is lateral violence in the workplace and how to incorporate civility. Lateral violence refers to acts that occur between colleagues, where bullying is described as acts perpetrated byRead MoreLateral Violence in the Workplace1270 Words   |  6 PagesLateral violence in the workplace Lona A Smeltzer Southern New Hampshire University Lateral violence in the workplace Abstract This paper explores five published articles as they relate to the concept of Lateral violence (LV) within the nursing profession and how it directly affects the work environment. The concept of LV is also known as abusive behavior, horizontal violence, bullying, aggression, horizontal hostility, verbal abuse or â€Å"nurses eating their young†. There are fourRead MoreCivility And Lateral Violence Within Nursing1068 Words   |  5 PagesCivility and Lateral Violence in Nursing Civility in the work place, or the lack thereof, has been identified as a growing problem within many professions in today’s society. Often referred to as lateral violence, this occurrence is no exception in the nursing profession. It is also known as ‘horizontal violence’ or ‘workplace bullying (Coursey, Rodriguez, Dieckmann, Austin, 2013). In this evidenced-based paper, information will be provided in an effort to identify causes of lateral violence in theRead MoreWhat Is Lateral Violence Within The Nursing Profession?1690 Words   |  7 Pagesattacking all types of violence, many researchers have exposed violence in the healthcare setting. Also referred to as workplace bullying, lateral violence, is a specific type of workplace violence that is exceedingly present in the nursing profession. Lateral violence could be considered an antonym of the terms spoken of above as it discourages their existence among nurses and other health professionals. For this reason, it is important to bring to focus the issue of lateral violence within the nursingRead MoreEssay Workplace Violence in Nursing890 Words   |  4 PagesWorkplace Violence in Nursing Professional Position Paper Nurses continually strive to bring holistic, efficient, and safe care to their patients. However, if the safety and well-being of the nurses are threatened or compromised, it is difficult for nurses to work effectively and efficiently. Therefore, the position of the American Nurses Association (ANA) advocate that every nursing professional have the right to work in a healthy work environment free of abusive behavior such as bullying,Read MoreBullying in Nursing838 Words   |  3 Pagesjob, it is disconcerting to see a high occurrence of bullying in the nursing environment. Lateral bullying and lateral violence are terms used to describe bullying, uncivil behavior, disrespect, social devaluing, peer control and verbal, physical and emotional abuse occurring between nurses and or colleagues (Ceravolo et al., 2012). Abusive behaviors from a superior are considered vertical or hierarchal violence and are commonly seen when the superior attempts to control or bully the nurse using the irRead MoreLateral Violence And Workplace : Essay1556 Words   |  7 PagesLateral Violence and Workplace Incivility Introduction The lateral violence comes in many forms and in many ways, such as abuse in the workplace that occur between colleagues, it can be verbal or nonverbal aggression, intimidation, bullying, harassment, discrimination, stereotyping, gossiping, criticism, and other related mistreatment behavior at work. Institutional lateral violence also happens between manager and subordinate where they can use their higher position to perpetrate assault to theirRead MoreThe Effects Of Workplace Violence On Nursing1329 Words   |  6 Pages Effects and Management of Workplace Violence in Nursing Gurdeep Kaur, Virender Kaur, and Ana Tolentino Jimenez California State University, Bakersfield Effects and Management of Workplace Violence in Nursing Workplace violence occurs due to an interpersonal conflict between two or more people that results from differences in their needs, ideas, goals, interests, or values (Marquis and Huston, 2015). Workplace violence is not limited to physical violence; it also includes negative

Ford Motor Company Case Report - 1820 Words

FORD MOTOR COMPANY Written Case Report F.B. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As director of Supply Chain Systems, I have decided to implement the new supply chain strategy of Virtual Integration, and model its supply chain after companies like Dell. Although there are several key differences between the companies, Dell’s direct business approach can be applied to every facet of Ford’s operation. Special care will need to be taken to address the unique dependency of our custom â€Å"tier- one† suppliers. A modification of the virtual integration system currently used by Dell could be applied to Ford’s dependent supplier base, while the management of lower tier suppliers of general or generic components would be more effectively suited by the standard†¦show more content†¦The process begins with the customer specifying exactly which features are to be included in the desired computer. Dell then buys components from several different suppliers via Internet-based JIT ordering. By using Dell’s process of JIT orderi ng, misallocation of company resources is avoided and unnecessary inventory is limited resulting in core competency and considerable cost reductions. By substituting information for inventory, Dell’s lean business structure offers mass customized machines that are ordered, assembled and delivered with reduced lead times without sacrificing margins or maintaining inventory. Although the direct business model of Dell is very attractive, there are several key differences between the computer and auto industries which cause barriers to Ford implementing a this virtual supply chain scenario. Ford’s similarities to Dell are summarized below: †¢ suppliers are close with nearby ship points †¢ external logistics supplier is used to manage inbound supply chain †¢ customers are encourages to use PC’s to balance supply and demand †¢ both companies are focused on strategic partnerships with its suppliers. Differences include: †¢ Dell supplies its own inventory until it is used in production and Ford does not. †¢ Dell forecasts its demand regularly withShow MoreRelatedCase Analysis Report Ford Motor Company and Firestone3599 Words   |  15 PagesCase Analysis Report In August 2000, Ford Motor Company and Firestone Tire Company recalled 6.5 Million ATX and AT tires that had been installed on Ford’s Explorer model SUV. At the time, it appeared as though Ford and Firestone were doing the right thing. They had found out that the tread separated on Ford Explorers in states with intense heat, such as Florida and Texas. However, it later came to light that both Ford and Firestone had known about these problems earlier than 2000 and that FordRead MoreFord Motor Company Case Report Essay example1835 Words   |  8 PagesFord Motor Company Case Report EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As director of Supply Chain Systems, I have decided to implement the new supply chain strategy of Virtual Integration, and model its supply chain after companies like Dell. Although there are several key differences between the companies, Dell’s direct business approach can be applied to every facet of Ford’s operation. Special care will need to be taken to address the unique dependency of our custom â€Å"tier- one† suppliers. A modificationRead MoreFord Motor Company Supply Chain Strategy Case Report3198 Words   |  13 PagesFord Motor Company Supply Chain Strategy Case Report EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As director of Supply Chain Systems, I have decided to implement portions of the new supply chain strategy of Virtual Integration and strategies from companies like Dell. Although there are several key differences between the companies, Dell’s virtual integration strategy can be applied to Ford’s supply chain operation. A modification of the virtual integration system currently used by Dell could be applied to Ford’s dependentRead MoreIn This Paper, I Will Be Discussing Ford Motor Company827 Words   |  4 PagesIn this paper, I will be discussing Ford Motor Company and the role it plays in the global economy. Like the United States economy, the Global Economy is important as well as it links the economies of individual countries to each other and changes in a single can have ripple effects on others. Ford Motor Company Ford Motor Company operates in two sectors: automotive and financial services. Ford Motor Company is one of the largest automotive manufacturers in the world, employing about 166,000 employeeRead MoreCase Study: Business Process Reengineering General Motors Corporation900 Words   |  4 PagesCase study: Business Process Reengineering General Motors Corporation   â€Å"General Motors is one of three leading automotive manufacturing companies in the United States. Based in Michigan in 1903 by Henry ford and grew to reach revenue of $150 billion and more than 370,000 employees by 1996. In the 1970s, the automobile market for the major auto makers - General Motors (GM), Ford, and Chrysler- was crunched by competition from foreign manufactures such as Toyota and Honda. In 1999, Ford acquiredRead MoreCompetition Between Ford And General Motors1477 Words   |  6 Pages03/29/2015 Competition between Ford and General Motors has drove them to their Success The Ford Motor Company and General Motors have a greatly influenced and shaped the global automobile industry in the 20th Century. While there are other big car-makers in the United States and other places in the world, the two companies have been the most popular and important players in that sector. This research focuses on an argument of how competition between both companies has benefited them. Read MoreCompetition Between Ford And General Motors1465 Words   |  6 PagesCompetition between Ford and General Motors has led to their Success Name Course Instructor Introduction The Ford Motor Company and General Motors have greatly influenced and shaped the global automobiles industry over the 20th Century. While there are other big car-makers both in the United States and elsewhere in the globe, the two companies have been the commonest and significant players across the entire sector. This research focuses on an argument of how competition between both companies has benefitedRead MoreFirestone and Ford Case Analysis Essay1458 Words   |  6 PagesIssue II. Questions for Case analysis a. What are the ethical and social issues in this case? b. Who are the stakeholders and what are their stakes? How do legitimacy, power, and urgency factor in? Do these companies care about consumers? Discuss. c. Conduct a CSR analysis of both Firestone and Ford. How do they measure up in fulfilling their various social responsibilities? d. Who is at fault in the tire separation controversy? Bridgestone / Firestone? Ford Motor Company? The NHTSA? IIIRead MoreCase Study : Ford Motor Company1611 Words   |  7 PagesFord Motor Co. Casey T, Blackburn Business 104 Business Organization Management Dr. Earl Murray Jr. 1 November 2015 Abstract I hope that this meets the intent of this paper and that you learn something new about the management of an organization that I have the most interest in. I wanted to discuss how the lessons that we have covered during this class are used and demonstrated in a large worldwide company such as Ford Motor Co. Ford Motor Co. Ford’s Motor Company History Ford Motor CompanyRead More Business At Work Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness At Work 1. Introduction 1.1 Aim The aim of this report is to understand the Business Environment and within organisation of Ford Motor Company (FMC), which includes the culture and management of the company. This report will also analyse and evaluate communication channels and quality control that FMC possess. Finally, conclusions will be drawn through the assessment of the process that is carried out by the company to meet their objectives, with recommendation of alternative

Psychological Testing in the Workplace free essay sample

Psychological tests are popular among private and public companies, government agencies and in the military as well. Psychological testing is used for several purposes, they can be used in the pre-employment process, and they can be used as an aid in regarding employment retention as well as in job placement. While the uses of psychological testing are wide spread, there are issues revolving around the validity and reliability of these tests, when a person’s employment is at risk this can be considered a heavy issue to be considered. Along with the reliability and the validity, there are ethical issues to be considered that the employers must keep in mind. Types of Personality Tests There are a variety of different types of personality tests. Three in particular are popular among private companies as well as government agencies; these are the Myers-Briggs type indicator, the IPIP-NEO personality test, and the Kolbe Index (Basu, 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Psychological Testing in the Workplace or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Myers-Briggs type indicator is a personality test that organizes an employee’s personality data along four scales of opposing characteristics. These scales include whether the employees energy source comes from within or is a reflection of his/her environment, whether the employee focuses more on intuition or sensory input, whether the employee uses reason and logic or personal values, and whether the employee is an organized individual or is spontaneous in their daily activities. This personality test may be utilized for employee retention especially in allocating tasks to a group of employees finding which employee is best suited to each task required (Basu, 2012). The IPIP-Neo personality test (international personality item pool test) measures an employee’s personality using five broad categories and thirty sub-categories. This personality test is used to see how well employees will be able to work in a multicultural setting, especially in multi-national companies that pull employees from different cultures from around the world. The five broad categories and examples of their sub categories include xtroversion and its subcategories of friendliness and social engagement, agreeableness with its sub-categories of trust and cooperation, conscientiousness with its sub categories of self-confidence and cautiousness, neuroticism and its sub-categories of sensitivities of others opinions and openness to new experiences which includes adventurousness and how readily that individual may challenge authority. This is a personality test that seems best suited as a pre-employment test, especially when an individual is applying for a position in a multinational corporation or there is a diverse cultural background in a given location (Basu, 2012). The Kolbe Index, named for Kathy Kolbe an organizational theorist, is based on the premise that an individual’s ability for problem solving are stable and independent of the individuals intelligence, personality and education. According to this index, there are four problem solving modes: fact finder, which relates to the gathering of information; follow-through, which refers to the organizing and scheduling of tasks; quick-start, which contains the risk taking and innovation; and the implementation of the solution. A series of multiple choice questions are given, based on problem solving scenarios. The results will indicate which of the four modes the employee is best suited and can help in job placement as a leader, a researcher or other such tasks that suits that employee’s ability’s (Basu, 2012). Validity and Reliability The issue of validity is a major issue surrounding psychological testing. Each individual psychological test must measure what it was intended to measure. The test must contain construct validity that is it must measure the psychological construct, such as depression, that it was designed to measure. The test must also have content validity; it must adequately sample information from the broad range that composes the construct in use. The criterion related validity is important as well, this is the type of validity that is most relative to performance psychological tests. The test to measure performance must have valid criteria that can be tested by having employees that already perform, the tasks the test is supposed to measure, well. If those employees do well on the tests then the test should be valid for those who haven’t done the tasks yet (Raymond Richmond, 2012). In order for any psychological test to be valid, it must also be reliable. There are two types of reliability that makes up the total reliability of the given psychological test: internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability. The internal consistency reliability measures how well all the items listed in the test relate to one another. If they relate well then the internal consistency can be found to be reliable. The most important of these types of reliability is the test-retest reliability. This measures how well the results of one testing match up with the results of another testing by the same individual using the same test but at different times (Raymond Richmond, 2012). Given that the human mind is so complex that it is impossible to know anything with full and total confidence, no psychological test can ever be entirely valid or reliable. Even with extensive testing it is not yet possible to fully assert any conclusion with total certitude (Raymond Richmond, 2012). Ethical issues There are several ethical issues involved in workplace psychological testing; the most easily abused is that of stereotyping. When an individual takes part in a personality test, the results classify them in one personality group or another. The inherent inaccuracies of these personality tests, that come from minds too complex to properly measure, can cause errors in the results and the results are from the majority of the answers given, as no person is entirely of one type, a person can have scored only slightly more as an introvert as opposed to being an extrovert in one testing, but can then be seen as an introvert by the manager or fellow employees. Assumptions that come from the generalization of these types can lead to job discrimination (Marshall, 2010). There is an ethical consideration to asking employees to take psychological tests without making it clear that the results will be kept confidential. Often time’s employers will not give this consideration to their employees, making it mandatory and not giving the reassurance that it will be kept confidential. The results from these tests when shared among other employees may lead to harassment in the form of teasing and such, making the workplace feel more hostile and a less productive environment. It is also unethical to use personality tests as the basis for decisions regarding promotions and work assignments (Marshall, 2010). Conclusion The variety of psychological testing, especially personality testing used in the work place can be a factor in a person’s career. As long as the validity and reliability of these tests are as secure as any psychological test can be and the employers utilize these test ethically, these tests can help individuals grow within their companies. When a test shows a weakness in a certain area, the individual can use those results to improve skills to help strengthen those weak points and employers can help employees follow their strengths that will help in their rise through their companies.

Analytical Essay Sample on Peter the Great and His Effects on Russia

Analytical Essay Sample on Peter the Great and His Effects on Russia Czar Peter Romanov I also known as Peter The Great took many actions as being the absolute ruler of Russia, Peter impacted Russia positively and negatively through westernization and opening Russia to the west. Overall peter had a positive effect on Russia. Peter’s main goal as Czar of Russia was to westernize his country, He realized that Russia should be westernized to ensure its independence, which was a positive impact Peter had completed. Already fascinated by mechanical inventions, he studied government and ways of the West. He modernized the calendar, simplified numerals, and the Russian alphabet. To make sure Russia had contact with the West, Peter captured the east shores of the Baltic Sea from the Swedish and built a new capital named after himself named St. Petersburg. Peter managed to modernize Russia without borrowing money from the country, so Peter imposed heavy taxes on the citizens, because European men usually were clean shaven, he even taxed Russians wearing beards. All of the taxing that Peter imposed was a negative action he had taken. Peter’s positive actions towards the government were a good thing he did, he had three reforms of government. Local government, which towns were allowed to elect their own government officials. Provincial government, Russia was divided into 8 guberniia, each of the guberniias were lead by a Gubnator who had all of the power in his guberniia. Central government, the central government advised Peter, Peter thought that these reforms of government helped in the modernization of Russia. Another positive thing Peter did was build a church, the Peter and Paul Cathedral, not only was it a place for the people of St. Petersburg to pray, but it was also used as a fortress to protect the area from a possible attack from the Swedes. It was the first church in the city made out of stone, the church stood 404 ft. tall being the tallest building in St. Petersburg. All of the Russian emperors are buried in the church from Peter the great to Alexander III. In conclusion I think that Peter I had a positive effect on Russia, from westernization to his reforms of government, some of Peter’s ways are still used in modern Russia till this day.

How to Write a Psychology Research Paper - Paperell.com

How to Write a Psychology Research Paper How to Write a Psychology Research Paper The research paper is a difficult work because it should contain a new look at scientific ideas that were previously voiced in the scientific world. It is not allowed to simply write-off from the Internet even if you use more than one source. But of course, you can use research paper writing service  for help. Research psychology paper should look like an independent scientific work with scientific novelty. It should introduce something new in the field of knowledge that is being explored.Its hard enough to put new tasks or find new ideas on the topic of what has already been investigated before you. Despite this, graduates of the college and university should necessarily write this paper. And if you listen to several useful tips and do everything right, then your scientific outline will not become a nightmare.Simple Steps To Writing A Good Psychology Research Paper!Before you start writing a research paper for psychology, you should carefully study the passports of specialties, as from these specialties you will later choose a topic. There are more than ten specializations, and in each of them has from ten to forty areas of research.Having studied the passports of all these specialties, you will be able to decide which of them is more interesting to you.What are the most basic specialties:Developmental PsychologyHistory of psychology, general and personal psychologyPolitical PsychologyPsychophysiologyCorrectional psychologyPsychology of engineering, ergonomicsPedagogical psychologyMedical or clinical psychologyLegal psychologySocial psychology.Once you have decided on the specialty, carefully read its passport again. You can read this article The six most interesting psychology papers of 2015 to find some inspiration. Next, you need to complete all paper in psychology work on a standard template. Formulate the object and the subject of the assignment, make a concise sentence, in which you will formulate the topic of the forthcoming research. After that, prep are a concept of work, which includes tasks, goals, novelty, scientific positions, their reliability, the relevance of the chosen topic, and so on. Based on this concept, you will be able to draw up a plan for your future text. After you do this, you can submit the plan and the concept of the thesis to the scientific supervisor for approval, when he or she can make remarks or give recommendations. Having familiarized with them, you will need to adjust the plan and concept, then you can write a plan-prospect study, review the literature. Please note that the plan-prospectus should not only contain paragraphs, but also paragraphs and sub-paragraphs. Then for each of them, you need to carefully select the material. After this, based on the material that you have collected, you can start writing psychology research paper outline with the introduction part.The structure of the scientific work in psychology has its own characteristics. After the introduction, there is a very substantial t heoretical part with a weighty amount of references to articles, books, and monographs of domestic and foreign researchers. But much more important is the practical part. Its basis is a psychological experiment applied research, confirming or refuting the theses of the previous part of the work. In the psychological sciences, there are high demands on the methods of research. You should give this special attention. From the scientific novelty, practical value and correctness of the organization and conduct of applied research, the successful outcome of the defense of the masters thesis in psychology depends. If something went wrong and you find it too hard for you, there is always a variant to order a research paper online. It will make your life way easier.How To Write A Psychology Research Paper?In the very first approximation, any scientific research, including psychological research, goes through three stages: 1) preparatory; 2) the main one; 3) the final one.At the first stage , the goals and objectives of the research are formulated, an orientation is made in the totality of knowledge in this field, a program of actions is drawn up, organizational, material and financial issues are resolved. At the main stage, the actual research process is performed. The scientist, using special methods, comes into contact (directly or indirectly) with the object under study and collects data about it. At the final stage, the data are processed and converted into the desired result. Researches are correlated with the goals put forward, explained and included in the existing system of knowledge in this field.Relying on this or that concept, the researcher puts forward an assumption that, in his/her opinion, is able to fill the information deficit on this problem. This assumption in the form of a scientific hypothesis and should be checked in the future by research activities. A hypothesis is a scientifically grounded statement of a probabilistic nature about the essence of the studied phenomena of reality. You should refute or defend the hypothesis in the discussion section of your experiment paper.Fress calls the fruitful hypothesis good and offers its signs:The problem (issue) should be forensic and enough;Plausibility, i.e., consistency with scientific data, but there may also be elements of new knowledge in it;Verifiability.If you know how to write a research paper  already, there is one more thing to consider. You have to find a good topic! If you have problems finding a suitable topic, you can check out these 100 great topics  and find some ideas for your paper.Now you need to choose one of the methods of the work. All methods used in psychological research can be divided into four groups:Organizational methods;Empirical methods of obtaining scientific data;Data processing techniques;Interpretation methods.Writing of abstract scientific paper differs little from the work on the other topics thesis. It is always a huge work, searching and studying hundreds of scientific papers, developing and conducting your own research. If a graduate student does not have enough time for all the above, the success of the proposal text is in question. All details should be considered, like APA format of citations, bibliography, and the general work design. Impossible to make it quick and with the high-quality. It will take some time, energy and probably will make you stressful, but it is worth it!In conclusion, it is important to highlight that you always can ask for help when you need it, there are many services on the Internet or maybe some of your friends, teachers or mentors can give you some practical advice.

PEPSI Advertisement - A Lot More Than You Think Essay

PEPSI Advertisement - A Lot More Than You Think - Essay Example A young Hispanic boy starts off in by an apartment complex in this commercial, and by using an urban Hispanic setting with a monotone color scheme, a sense of confinement is instilled and something must be done about it.   With this set-up, Pepsi comes in to â€Å"save the day† or, in this case, this boy’s life from normality.   Pepsi’s product promises to lift this particular Hispanic youth out of a lower-middle class inner-city barrio environment into a drummer for a popular band.   Once the boy has tried the product, he becomes inspired giving him confidence and motivation to follow his dream of becoming a drummer.   And while everyone else is still living their mundane lives, he has transcended this barrio environment to pursue his dream.   He ascends to the high-class stardom status instantaneously in the commercial.   He is suddenly taken out of the boring lifestyle he was living in, ages about ten years older, and is put in a rock band on stage entertaining a massive crowd of fans most likely with his professional drumming. The boy’s younger years are portrayed in the sunlight, but not necessarily in a cheerful, happy way.   The sun just seems to be part of the whole monotonous picture.   When the boy’s dream is finally reached, the whole set-up is changed.   Instead of it being day, it is night (or at least in an indoor stadium or concert hall).   The only light is the light coming from the stage lights.... The boy's younger years are portrayed in the sunlight, but not necessarily in a cheerful, happy way. The sun just seems to be part of the whole monotonous picture. When the boy's dream is finally reached, the whole set-up is changed. Instead of it being day, it is night (or at least in an indoor stadium or concert hall). The only light is the light coming from the stage lights, which represent the fact that he is now the only one being focused on whereas before everyone was under the sunlight. No one would seem to have any fortune in the boy's town, and there are a lot of "mom and pop shops" or "bodegas" as the production notes in the video Production Notes state. This would imply that when the children are old enough, they end up taking over the family shop or store, which represses the child's dreams of becoming rich and famous. Since they will have to spend so much time and have so much responsibility over their bodega, they will never have enough time to pursue their dream, but drinking Pepsi will put them on par with the rest of the rock stars and celebrities because they drink it too. And when you drink Pepsi, you are a rock star too, metaphorically or in the instance of this commercial realistically as well. The main Hispanic boy of the commercial purposefully does not look like a rock star until he grows up into one after drinking the Pepsi, and neither does anyone else in the town. Everyone is meant to just be an average, stereotypical, Hispanic person living their daily lives kind of mindlessly. The boy however has been energized, motivated, and inspired by the Pepsi-cola he drank and he shows this in his

Older People Care (Social Care) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Older People Care (Social Care) - Essay Example According to a survey â€Å"between 1971 and 2009 the proportion of the UK population aged under 16 years decreased from 25.5 percent to 18.7 percent, while the proportion aged 75 and over increased from 4.7 percent to 7.8 percent† (Beaumont 2011). It is expected that in UK, by 2018, citizens above 65 will be more than those in the age group of 16. â€Å" It is estimated that the number of residents aged 90 and over increased by 12 percent between 2002 and 2009, that is from 388,200 to 436,500† (Beaumont 2011). (Measuring National Well-being – Population 2012). The percentage of older women is more in UK than that of men. Due to less number of deaths there is some improvement in the statistics. As women live longer compared to men, the percentage of elderly women is more.† In 2010 there were 2.56 women over the age of 90 for every man of that age† (Population Ageing: Statistics para 2). The chances of elderly women to stay alone are more than that of men. This proportion grows with increasing age. â€Å"Among women aged 75 and over who live in private households in Great Britain, 60 percent live alone compared to 36 percent of men of the same age† (Population Ageing: Statistics 2012). ... Ageism could often have an effect on the options individuals are provided with, this also affect the decisions they take about these options. â€Å"Traditionally, aging has been viewed as a continual process of decline. Unfortunately, this stereotyping results in systematic discrimination that devalues senior citizens and frequently denies them equality. In his review of the attitudes toward aging shown by humor, Pal more (1986) found that elderly people were often portrayed negatively. The humor tended to focus on physical and mental losses, as well as on decreases in sexual attractiveness and drive. Jokes about older women tended to be more negative than those about older men† (Grant para 1996). Confronting the concept of ageism is effectively carried out by the enhancement of positive thinking on the process of aging. A person’s self image depends much on age, the person’s actual age and, the age which the society thinks he or she is and the age which they thi nk they are. But this concept changes when the person reaches the retirement age. When one reaches 65, the society considers the person â€Å"useless† while the person still considers himself or herself an active and responsible member of the society. They tend to behave in a different manner.† These impressions often develop into socially acquired attitudes that affect how we deal with individuals on the basis of their age and in turn affect the stereotyped individual’s self-concept and self –esteem. What changes is not older people’s capacity to be vigorous, productive and creative. Rather, society is unwilling to see seniors as vital and active contributors far beyond traditional retirement age, and many older individuals absorb this concept into own mind sets† (The Effects of

Consistency concerning Essay Example for Free

Consistency concerning Essay In my StrengthsFinder 2. 0 evaluation, I found a lot of patterns about myself which I believe to be true. My top five themes are Consistency, Relator, Arranger, Harmony, and Significance. Since I am an extrovert, I find the description under Consistency concerning the need to treat people equally to be especially true. I enjoy being around a lot of people, especially a large group of friends and I enjoy doing group projects and find them to be completed much more efficiently than if I was doing them by myself and alone. In fact, since I am good at delegating tasks, I find that group projects can be completed far more efficiently if I am in the role as leader. In this way, I can treat everyone equally and be especially fair in equal task performance. Also, since I feel comfortable making sure everyone is treated fairly, I tend to notice when people are being treated with bias. Being a Relator definitely ties in with my extroversion. I love people and I love being around people. I identify with the characteristics described in my Relator profile, because I really do enjoy getting close to people and I tend to spend a lot of time focusing on personal intimate activities which would help us share closer bonds. In fact, one of my driving forces is to develop air-tight relationships with my friends and lifelong bonds. I am still close friends with people I knew in grade school, and I tend to strive toward that goal with others even today. The Arranger theme specifies that not only am I an organizer, but that I have the flexibility to arrange all of the pieces of my life for maximum potential. I especially find this to be so during a group activity. Rather than delineating tasks to random people, I enjoy knowing and applying their different strengths to each task. I tend to categorize people and specify tasks to order, so that everyone is not only doing something which they are good at, but which they also enjoy. I feel that this builds a group focus, where everyone is appreciated for their strengths and where everyone gets an equal voice. I enjoy building group harmony, so that we can grow together, rather than away from each other and separately. This kind of leads into the next strength I have: Harmony. Not only do I enjoy a wide variety of people, but I really enjoy finding common ground between them and mixing them together. In fact, I get a real kick out of making friends between two people who ordinarily would never cross paths. I have a little bit of a reputation among my friends as the arbitrator of our groups, because I really like to focus on how we can all just along peaceably and enjoyably. Though it may seem like I enjoy conflict because I am constantly putting widely different people together, the truth is, I only enjoy doing this if I believe that I can bring some balance between them and if I think that they have enough in common to get along. My category of Significance: This leads back to my extroversion and leadership roles among groups. I enjoy taking credit for a job well done, and even though I enjoy for everyone to get equal credit, I really like being the center of the spotlight sometimes. Also, because I am so often around a group of people, one of the ways I enjoy gaining and retaining significance is by being the arbitrator between people. I enjoy it when other people ask me for advice and help with their personal or social problems. Not only do I feel qualified and adept at handling these problems, but I get a rush from being the one who they ask to assist them. I like being the one who everyone runs to for help, I guess because I feel needed and wanted, and also because it means that my attempts to draw closer to their personal lives were successful. I feel like I am an accepted part of the group if I remain qualified to help each individual with their lives.

The Aesthetics of Pop Music Essay -- Popular Music

â€Å"It All Sounds The Same These Days!†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In just about every home in America at just about any given time the words: â€Å"It all sounds the same these days!† is uttered to a teenage child, while the mother is screaming â€Å"Turn it down!† in the background. The teenager storms to his bedroom and turns the radio up to full volume and thinks, â€Å"They just don’t get it!† Then proceeds to dance around the room singing into the hairbrush. This is the pleasure principal of pop music. Whether accredited to innocence or ignorance, a unreconciled naivety has survived this culture since its inception. They’re everywhere. We cannot escape the wrath of teen pop bands, you can love ‘em or hate ‘em, but they are a representation of an ever changing culture.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is the pop music phenomenon? Most pop music uses a â€Å"commercial† approach to songwriting which limits the use of complicated musical devices, this is said to be what makes pop music. â€Å"Popular music is popular because the composition hears for the listener and is pre-digested.†(Adorno, Theodore, On Popular Music 1941) Pop music contains simple, chord driven, repetitious, square phrased (4 bar) melodies that are catchy and easily singable. The phrases in these sections are generally 4, 8, 12, or 16 measures long. Most pop songs have a catchy 8 measure phrase that is repeated 6-8 times throughout the song. This attributes to the ever so frequently heard â€Å"It was on the radio this morning and I just can’t get it out of my head† phenomeno...

Force Majeure In Construction Contracts Essay

In handling a project, one of the most important is looking at the project plan. In the project plan, it almost includes all the necessary information from the high level up to not so much low level or details of the project. It is also the starting point of any project which is being initiated mostly by over-all project manager, Project manager must not only look at the financial or what we call budget or the resources that will be needed or even the schedules or time frame of the project. What are most important actually are the main obligations and what do we expect for the contractor, if wee are talking about construction project. Its main obligation and what are not part of their obligation. The most interesting part is what is not their part of work and what are the liabilities that they may have while doing the project as well as after the project. Questions like, what if†¦this happen, are they liable to it? All of the things that would possibly happen must be clearly stated in the contract, because if the building collapses due to an earthquake, what are the liabilities, if there is how it can be measured or be said that they have such liability to the building they have constructed. That is the main purpose of this paper, to discuss clearly what force majeure is, what are the effects to the parties involved and how it can be applied well. What is Force Majeure? Its Scope and Existence Force Majeure comes from French term meaning â€Å"great force† it is a common clause which primarily frees obligation of one or both of the parties from certain liability that are usually unexpected and commonly called as Act of God. These are such as: flood, earthquake, war, snowstorm, etc. Force majeure is not intended for the obligating parties to be excused to certain obligation, this is just intended to have it clearly stated in the contract in order for the parties to be none liable to certain occurrence which are obvious to be not within their responsibility. But, there are some cases wherein force majeure is customized in some projects where liability may also occur and not just claiming all into as force majeure clause which in any case the ruling will all depend on the gravity of the situation and looking again at the written and agreed contract. In other words force majeure is also stated as exceptional matters or events that are beyond the control of either party or overwhelming superhuman events. Like in the case of military, force majeure may be represented by a different meaning. It pertains to an event either it is internal or external, for instance a military vessel that allows to enter normally in another area without restriction or penalty, a very recent example is in the US Navy aircraft that landed at the Chinese territory after a collision with a Chinese fighter, where the aircraft is allowed to land without any restriction, as it was stated under the principle of force majeure. (Force Majeure, 2007). Effects to the Parties As earlier stated the effects of force majeure have provided great effect for both parties. The force majeure clause since it can be drafted differently, it may assume differently. That is why it should be well enlightened with clear use of precise words and must take into consideration the effect of nature and most especially it must include the general terms of the contract. Take for instance in the case of C. Czarnikow Ltd. v. Centralla Handlu Zagranicznego Rolimpex (1977) the English Court of Appeal held the defendants could in the circumstances of the case rely upon a force majeure clause which provided that if delivery was prevented, inter alia, by ‘government intervention beyond the seller’s control’ the contract would be void without penalty. But in some cases, employers or contractors may be relieve from their main responsibility like another example is when the union of the company set a strike. Another good example is when the contractors may ask for extension of the project, due to devastation of typhoon in the construction site, which is most likely very logical. But the over-all effect of these situations will be tremendous since it would impact the plan of the company. But, the company and contractors, must still need to double check clearly if what was agreed upon in the contract, is the situation really covers and part of the force majeure clause or not. Because, there are certain instances that it would still be part of the liability of the party or parties. (Hussin, Abdul Aziz, n. d. ). Force Majeure in Contracts It is very clear based from it sets of meaning and rules that there is no damages that are recoverable from a party who has been prevented from performing their contract by force majeure. That is why an event that will not be force majeure except: (1) it makes performance of the contract impossible; (2) it was unforeseeable; and (3) it was irresistible, both in its occurrence and its effects. Importance of Force Majeure The main importance of force majeure clause in a contract, most especially in a construction project is that it does not only provide a clear cut obligation for both of the parties. It also gives a deeper understanding by both parties, what are must to be included in the force majeure clause and what are not. Because, not all must be included or else there are times wherein contractors may also be just relieving themselves to certain obligation which might come and with that it will be an unfair treatment for the requesting company. Like for example, a coal supply agreement, the mining company may seek to have â€Å"geological risk† included as a Force Majeure event, however the mining company should be doing extensive exploration and analysis of its geological reserves and should not even be negotiating a coal supply agreement if it cannot take the risk that there may be a geological limit to its coal supply from time to time. The outcome of that negotiation, of course, depends on the relative bargaining power of the parties and there will be cases where Force Majeure clauses can be used by a party effectively to escape liability for horrific performance. The General Effect of Force Majeure To further understand force majeure concept, these are the many general effects of force majeure: (1) neither party will be liable if it is prevented from performing its operation by a force majeure event; (2) a force majeure event is something external to the parties (such as an â€Å"act of God†, or disruption to their equipment or machinery); (3) the event should be both beyond their control and such that they could not have prevented the event, or the consequent failure in performance, by the exercise of due diligence; (4) an obligation to pay money will not be suspended by a force majeure event; (5) the party affected by the force majeure must notify the other party and use due diligence to remove the disruption and resume performance of its obligations. In other words, the effect must be beyond the control of both parties and the other party must know the situation in order to also make some adjustment on the issues. (Adlam, JG, 2007). Maui Gas Contract In the company’s contract, it clearly defined and enlisted the following situations or events that will be part of the force majeure clause, and these are: acts of God, strikes, lockouts or other industrial disturbances, acts of the Queen’s enemies, sabotage, wars, blockades, insurrections, riots, epidemics, landslides, lightning, earthquakes, floods, storms, fires, washouts, arrests and restraints of rulers and peoples, civil disturbances, explosions, breakage of or accident to machinery or lines of pipe, freezing of wells or delivery facilities, well blowouts, craterings, the order of any court or governmental authority, the necessity for making repairs to or reconditioning wells, machinery, equipment or pipelines (not resulting from the fault or negligence of such party), or any other act or omission occasioned by any cause beyond the control of the party invoking this Article. But it has to be well observed and studied if both parties did not perform negligence towa rds its duty. Because if there will be cases proven that there are failure in the duties made by either parties and at the same time reasonable. There will also be no such condition or occasion affecting the performance of this Agreement by any party shall continue to relieve the party affected thereby from liability or to hold in abeyance a cause of action, after the expiration of a reasonable period of time within which by the use of due diligence such party could have remedied the situation preventing its performance, nor shall any such circumstance or occurrence relieve any party from its obligation to make payment of amounts then due hereunder nor shall any such circumstance or occurrence affected thereby from liability or hold in abeyance a cause of action unless such party shall give notice of such circumstance or occurrence in writing with reasonable promptness; and like notice shall be given upon termination of such circumstance or occurrence. (Adlam, JG, 2007). Atlantic Paper Stock Ltd. v. St. Anne-Nackawic Pulp & Paper Co. , decided by the Supreme Court of Canada in 1975. In this case the mill company had a force m ajeure clause in a contract with the company that supplied waste paper. The force majeure clause excused the mill from purchasing its required amount of waste paper as a result of an act of God, the Queen’s or public enemies, war, the authority of law, strikes, the destruction or damage to production facilities, or the nonavailability of markets for pulp or corrugating medium. The latter condition became important when the markets failed. It was necessary for the court to determine the meaning of this event. The Chief Justice comments on interpretation of force majeure clauses have shaped all subsequent cases. An act of God clause or force majeure clause, and it is within such a clause that the words â€Å"non-availability of markets† are found, generally operates to discharge a contracting party when a supervening, sometimes supernatural, event, beyond control of either party, makes performance impossible. (Construction Contracts: Defining & Shifting the Risk, 2004). Application of the Interstate: and Sales Full Disclosure Act to Condominium Projects and Single Family Homes This is with regards to contract provision and circumstances of non-performance as well as the focus on force majeure clause. That it must be carefully stated in order to ensure that they will not be interpreted by courts as undercutting the obligation to complete construction within two years. As with limitation of damages sought by purchasers, state law controls in determining whether or not a specific provision undercuts the seller’s obligation to complete construction within two years. In this project the possibility of impossibility of performance due to unexpected and uncontrolled event is limited. Because this can only happen if one of the party completely discharged its obligation under the contract. The only recognize part of force majeure in this case may come from â€Å"bad whether† which may also cover some instances or events that may affect the implementation of the projects, such as earthquake, flood, strikes, fires, etc. In other words, it was clearly stated that non-performance may not be possible to be part of the force majeure clause since it can only happen if one of the partner completely abandoned or removed its obligation while the list of events that will be covered under force majeure was clearly to avoid confusion. (Chasnow, Robert, 2007). Hungary 10 December 1996 Budapest Arbitration proceeding Vb 96074 This case was actually between Yugoslavian company and Hungarian Company. The Yugoslavian company sold and delivered caviar to a Hungarian company. Based on their agreed contract â€Å"the buyer has to pick up the fish eggs at the seller’s address and take the goods to his facilities in Hungary†. Payment was due two weeks after the delivery of the goods, at which time the UN embargo against Yugoslavia took effect in Hungary. The seller assigned the claim for the price of the goods to a company located in Cyprus. The buyer acknowledged the assignment, but could not pay on the basis that the UN embargo was a force majeure. The arbitral court found that the damage caused by force majeure had to be borne by the party to whom the risk had passed the buyer. In this connection, the arbitral court found it necessary to point out that the risk of freight had to be borne by the buyer, unless the contract of the parties or the applicable law provided otherwise as stated in article 67 of CISG. The [buyer] could not be exculpated by proving that the damage was owing to an act or omission of the seller based from the article 66 of CISG. The result was that the court held that the buyer was obliged to pay the price of the delivered goods with interest. (Hungary 10 December 1996 Budapest Arbitration proceeding Vb 96074, 1996). Case T-41/97 R, Antillean Rice Mills NV v Council, Order of the Court of First Instance of 21 March 1997, [1997] ECR II-447 In this case the Antillean Rice Mills exports rice from the Dutch Antilles to the EC Council Regulation No. 304/97 which has introduced a safeguard measure in the form of a tariff quota for the period of 1 January to 30 April 1997. The safeguard measure was justified because of the instability of the Community market of a certain type of milled rice, Indica, which was being sold at a price considerably lower than the intervention price. Antillean Rice Mills brought an action for annulment of the aforesaid Regulation before the Court of First Instance and asked the Court to suspend its application during the course of the action. The applicant argued that if interim measures were not granted, the company risked suffering serious and irreparable harm; first because it would have to dismiss 80 out of a total of 117 employees, with consequent loss of know-how and, second, because it risked losing its business relationships and market shares due to the impossibility of satisfying the orders of its clients. The Court dismissed the application on the basis that the applicant failed to prove the irreparable nature of the damage caused by the immediate implementation of the measure. According to settled case law, `damage of financial nature is not in principle considered to be serious and irreparable’, unless the alleged damage threatens the existence of the company concerned or it cannot be quantified. The alleged temporary loss of productivity with the consequent restructuring of the company and loss of market shares were not found to be irreparable damage that could not be rectified by appropriate compensation if the Regulation was annulled. Second, the suspension would deprive the Regulation of its effectiveness in the event that the main plea was dismissed and the Regulation upheld. If low-price rice imported from the OCTs continued to overflow the market, the Community rice producers would have no incentive to change over to Indica rice, which was the purpose of the safeguard measure. In this situation, since permanent damage was not proved, the Court upheld the Community interest in the direct application of the actions. (Case T-41/97 R, Antillean Rice Mills NV v Council, Order of the Court of First Instance of 21 March 1997, [1997] ECR II-447, n. d. ). Conclusion In this paper it shows that force majeur does not immediately means that it can derived from an event that are beyond the control of the parties or act of God, like earthquake, flood, etc. It can also include certain damage to production, like machine breakdowns and strikes by employees. It also stated here that force majeur must be carefully studied and validated before any project may be started. Obligations of both parties must also be specified in the contract in order not to encounter confusion on what is really part of the force majeure clause and those that are purely obligatory to both parties. References Adlam, JG. â€Å"Force Majeure Events Commercial and Legal Consequences. † Ministry of Economic Development – Crown Minerals. 28 August 2007 â€Å"Case T-41/97 R, Antillean Rice Mills NV v Council, Order of the Court of First Instance of 21 March 1997, [1997] ECR II-447. † International Trade Developments, Including Commercial Defence Actions XIII. n. d. Chasnow, Robert. â€Å"Application of the Interstate :and Sales Full Disclosure Act to Condominium Projects and Single Family Homes. † Holland+Knight. 2007 â€Å"Construction Contracts: Defining & Shifting the Risk. † Stewart McKelvey. 7 July 2004 â€Å"Firma Milch-, Fett- und Eierkontor GmbH v Bundesanstalt fur landwirtschaftliche Marktordnung, Reference for a preliminary ruling: Verwaltungsgericht Frankfurt am Main – Germany, Butter from stock – Force majeure. † European Court reports 1979. 1979 â€Å"Force Majeure. † Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. 18 October 2007 < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Force_majeure> â€Å"Hungary 10 December 1996 Budapest Arbitration proceeding Vb 96074. † CISG Case Presentation. 1996 Hussin, Abdul Aziz. â€Å"Force Majeure Clause. † University Sains Malaysia. n. d. Eriksen, Eivind. â€Å"Terrorism and Force Majeure in International Contracts. † Bond Law Review. 2004

Belief in a Higher Power and Greek Philosophers - 1371 Words

To many people in the world there can be such things as a higher power. In my eyes I do believe in such a thing, I believe that Socrates does as well. When reading Euthyphro there are many components to why Socrates believes in the gods. When reading the Apology there are many reasons to why Socrates believes in the gods as well. Finally when reading Crito there are also numerous reasons to why Socrates believes in the gods also. There are many reasons to prove that Socrates does believe in the gods. The discussion in the piece Euthyphro is about pious and impious. Euthyphro a man who says to have the knowledge of the divine is unsure what to do about prosecuting against his own father. Turning to Socrates for help, the discussion about pious and impious begins. Socrates does not necessarily have a side in the situations, but he is impressed by Euthyphro’s knowledge. Socrates tends to guide Euthyphro throughout this debacle by helping him to see what he truly believes. The fir st question Socrates asks Euthyphro is â€Å"Tell me then, what is the pious, and what the impious, do you say?† (6). Answer number one was, â€Å"I say that the pious is to do what I am doing now, to prosecute the wrongdoer,† (6). After the tragic story about Cronus, Socrates begins to think, â€Å"I find it hard to accept things like that being said about the gods,† (7) I feel that the fact that Socrates thinks so highly of the gods, makes him believe in them. If someone does not believe in something or someoneShow MoreRelatedXenophanes and His Ideology of God1280 Words   |  5 Pages Xenophanes His Ideology of God Xenophanes and his philosophical beliefs related to God or Divinity belong to late 5th century BC. Where the beliefs of Xenophanes were rebellious to the prevailing Greek concepts about Almighty powers, it shows striking resemblance to the existing western philosophy regarding existence of God. According to the Western philosophy, God is one and is an independent entity. Considering the flow of history, Xenophanes can be considered as the compiler of buildingRead MoreGreek Mythology And Its Impact On Modern Culture1055 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom Greek Mythology and has had a significant impact on our history and mythology helped shed light to it’s culture, religion, and government of ancient Greece. The Mediterranean has served as a vessel for the early civilizations., Greek mythology has influenced the life style and religion of the Greeks, especially because Greek mythology served as the primary basis of Greek belief, it became the nearest thing the Greeks had to a holy bib le.1 These mythologies served as the center of Greek lifeRead MoreThe Radical Thinkers Of The 18th And 19th Centuries1602 Words   |  7 PagesCivilization ideals, many of these radical thinkers were condemned during their lifetimes for their unorthodox views. Around the 17th century, Western European society began to adapt to a new method of thinking known as rationalism, which focused on proving beliefs with rational sources such as data and reasoning instead of faith and tradition. While William Paley was one of the first highly influential rationalist thinkers of his era, he also agreed with the orthodox views of his time. Paley was not significantRead MorePhilosophy : The Liberalistic Philosophy Of Education807 Words   |  4 Pages Perspective: The Liberalistic Philosophy of Education The empowerment of individuals within a community appeared to be nonexistent in Greek philosopher Plato s, Allegory of the Cave. Preferentially, it was simply not within the range of one s knowledge, experience, or understanding; strange; therefore, unfamiliar. Greek philosopher Plato, an astute student of Socrates, his focal point - an advocate of the Liberalism philosophy of education. Liberal Education is a philosophy ofRead MoreCicero : The Statesman And Philosopher942 Words   |  4 PagesCicero: The Statesman and Philosopher Cicero was a Roman statesman, lawyer, and philosopher. He did not have a set major belief in a particular philosophy. Cicero studied under an epicurean, a stoic, and an academic. He did call himself an academic however, his theory of knowledge was based on probability over stating certainty. He preferred it this way to help justify any contradictions in any of his works. â€Å"He usually writes as a theist, but the only religious exaltation in his writings is toRead More The Apology and the Republic Essay939 Words   |  4 Pages Socrates was a renowned philosopher in the ancient Grecian times. His peak was around the Peloponnesian War, when the Spartans defeated the Athenians and ended the Golden Age. The reason Socrates is one of histories most famous philosophers is largely due to Platos writings. Two of Platos famous works include The Apology and The Republic, both written about Socrates views about the so called wise philosophers of his time. The two works hold unique vie ws about government, as well as openingRead MoreThe Romans Were Influential People Essay895 Words   |  4 PagesLearning Activity 2 The Romans were influential people. They were once, the power head of the world. Their value system included the belief in eclecticism, practicality, and imperialism. This evidence that the Romans made their worldview known throughout the world, including these three key values. First, Merriam-Webster dictionary, defines eclectic as selecting what appears to be best in various doctrines, methods, or styles. It also composed of elements drawn from various sources; also heterogenousRead MorePlato And Plato s The Apology1623 Words   |  7 Pagesrealized that the world and many of the things and concepts within the world were inconceivable, which created a desire or love for wisdom. While many were interested in philosophy, pre-Socratic philosophers were more interested in determining how the world worked and its origins/cosmology, as oppose to philosophers such as Plato And Socrates who focused more on ethics or morality. Plato’s conception of God and religion can be depicted in his literatures â€Å"Euthyphro† and â€Å"The Apology† which he expressesRead MoreBeowulf Vs. Achilles Essay754 Words   |  4 Pagesroughly a thousand years before Beowulf. They were both a part of the ancient Greek world. Though Homer was blind, some scholars believe that a philosopher as a blind man had an exceptional inner vision. (72) The theme revolves around the war between Greece and Troy in twelve hundred B.C. Beowulf and Achilles both fulfill their role of an epic hero by making sacrifices, following the rules by their own individual beliefs and cultures. Also by showing off their courage through dangerous acts of braveryRead More Analysis Of Human Cultural Identity Essay932 Words   |  4 Pagesin many topics including history, literature, law, architecture, science, and philosophy. He had the motivation and the connections to apply Enlightenment political philosophy to nation-building. Denis Diderot was a French encyclopedist and philosopher, who also composed plays, novels, essays, and art. He greatly influenced other Enlightenment thinkers with his translations of Encyclopedie ou dictionnaire raisonne des sciences, des arts et des metiers, usually known as Encyclopedie. He used